ALTUZAN 100 MG 1 FLC

1. ALTUZAN (Bevacizumab) is a monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of various types of cancer. Manufactured by Roche, ALTUZAN is an anti-VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) drug that works by inhibiting the growth of blood vessels that supply tumors, effectively slowing down or halting tumor growth. It is administered via intravenous infusion and is used in combination with other chemotherapy agents or as a standalone treatment depending on the cancer type.

   How ALTUZAN Works

   Mechanism of Action

   1. Inhibition of VEGF:
      • ALTUZAN is a monoclonal antibody that specifically targets and binds to VEGF, a protein involved in the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis). By binding to VEGF, ALTUZAN prevents it from interacting with its receptors on endothelial cells, thereby inhibiting the formation of new blood vessels.
   2. Reduction of Tumor Blood Supply:
      • Tumors require a blood supply to grow and metastasize. By inhibiting VEGF, ALTUZAN reduces the blood flow to tumors, leading to decreased oxygen and nutrient delivery, which ultimately slows tumor growth and may cause tumor shrinkage.
   3. Combination Therapy:
      • ALTUZAN is often used in combination with chemotherapy drugs to enhance overall treatment efficacy. The combination approach allows for a more comprehensive attack on cancer cells, targeting both the tumor itself and its blood supply.
   4. Induction of Tumor Necrosis:
      • The reduction in blood supply can lead to tumor cell death due to lack of nutrients and oxygen, further contributing to the therapeutic effects of ALTUZAN.
   5. Potential for Metastasis Control:
      • By reducing the vascular supply to the primary tumor, ALTUZAN also decreases the likelihood of cancer cells spreading to other parts of the body, potentially controlling metastatic disease.

   Side Effects

   ALTUZAN can cause a range of side effects, varying from mild to severe. These side effects are related to its action on blood vessels and the overall impact on the body.

   Common Side Effects

   • Hypertension: Elevated blood pressure, which may require management with antihypertensive medications.
   • Fatigue: General feeling of tiredness and weakness.
   • Gastrointestinal Issues: Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
   • Mouth Sores: Painful sores or ulcers in the mouth.
   • Proteinuria: Presence of excess protein in the urine, which can indicate kidney problems.
   • Appetite Loss: Reduced desire to eat, leading to weight loss.
   • Headache: Often related to increased blood pressure.

   Serious Side Effects

   • Hemorrhage: Risk of bleeding, including severe gastrointestinal bleeding or brain hemorrhage.
   • Thrombosis: Increased risk of blood clots, which can lead to complications such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism.
   • Gastrointestinal Perforation: Rare but serious condition where a hole forms in the wall of the gastrointestinal tract.
   • Delayed Wound Healing: Impaired healing of surgical wounds or injuries.
   • Cardiac Events: Risk of heart-related issues, including heart attack or congestive heart failure.
   • Kidney Damage: Significant proteinuria may indicate kidney damage or nephropathy.

   Indications

   ALTUZAN is approved for the treatment of various cancers. Its indications are based on its efficacy in reducing tumor blood supply and improving clinical outcomes.

   Approved Indications

   • Colorectal Cancer:
     • Used in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer.
   • Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC):
     • Used in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced or metastatic nonsquamous NSCLC.
   • Renal Cell Carcinoma:
     • Used in combination with interferon alfa for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
   • Glioblastoma:
     • Used as a single agent for the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma multiforme.
   • Ovarian Cancer:
     • Used in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer.
   • Cervical Cancer:
     • Used in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer.

   Contraindications

   ALTUZAN is contraindicated in certain conditions due to potential risks or adverse effects.

   Contraindications

   • Hypersensitivity: Known hypersensitivity or allergy to bevacizumab or any of its components.
   • Severe Hemorrhage: Active bleeding or a history of recent severe hemorrhage.
   • Recent Surgery: Should not be administered to patients with recent major surgery or those with poorly healed wounds.
   • Uncontrolled Hypertension: Severe or uncontrolled high blood pressure that cannot be managed with medication.
   • Pregnancy: Contraindicated during pregnancy due to potential harm to the fetus.

   Price in Different Countries

   The cost of ALTUZAN can vary based on country, healthcare system, and local pricing regulations. Below is a table with approximate prices and references for more details.

Country	Price (Per 100 mg Vial)	Reference
United States	$6,000 – $7,000	GoodRx
United Kingdom	£3,500 – £4,000	NHS UK
Canada	CAD $5,500 – $6,000	Canada Pharmacy
Australia	AUD $7,000 – $7,500	PBS Australia
India	₹450,000 – ₹500,000	1mg

Top 5 Global Brands

While ALTUZAN is a leading brand for bevacizumab, other brands and generic options are available in the global market.

1. ALTUZAN (Bevacizumab) – Roche

• The original and most well-known brand of bevacizumab.

2. Avastin (Bevacizumab) – Genentech/Roche

• Avastin is the brand name for bevacizumab in many countries, including the U.S. and European markets.

3. Mylan’s Bevacizumab (Biosimilar)

• A biosimilar version of bevacizumab that offers similar efficacy and safety profiles.

4. Zydus’ Bevacizumab (Biosimilar)

• Another biosimilar option providing cost-effective treatment alternatives.

5. Biocon’s Bevacizumab (Biosimilar)

• A widely used biosimilar in emerging markets, offering affordable access to treatment.