Jardiance Tablet 25mg (Empagliflozin)

Jardiance (empagliflozin) is an oral medication used to manage blood sugar levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Manufactured by Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly, Jardiance is a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, designed to reduce blood sugar by promoting the elimination of excess glucose through urine. Jardiance also helps reduce the risk of cardiovascular death in adults with type 2 diabetes who have known cardiovascular disease, making it one of the key therapies in the management of both diabetes and heart health.

How It Works

Jardiance works by inhibiting SGLT2, a protein in the kidneys that reabsorbs glucose into the bloodstream. By blocking this transporter, Jardiance allows excess glucose to be eliminated from the body through urine. This action not only helps lower blood sugar levels but also contributes to weight loss and lowers blood pressure, providing additional benefits beyond glucose control.

Mechanism of Action:

1. Glucose Excretion:
   • Jardiance prevents the kidneys from reabsorbing glucose into the bloodstream. Normally, the kidneys filter out glucose from the blood but reabsorb much of it back into circulation. By inhibiting SGLT2, Jardiance forces the body to excrete this glucose through urine.
2. Blood Sugar Reduction:
   • By excreting glucose through urine, Jardiance lowers blood glucose levels, particularly in individuals with high blood sugar due to type 2 diabetes.
3. Cardiovascular Protection:
   • Jardiance has been shown to reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke, and cardiovascular-related death in individuals with type 2 diabetes and known cardiovascular disease, making it a key therapeutic agent for heart health management.
4. Weight and Blood Pressure Benefits:
   • In addition to controlling blood sugar, Jardiance promotes modest weight loss and helps lower blood pressure, offering a holistic benefit in managing type 2 diabetes and its complications.

Side Effects

While Jardiance offers significant benefits in managing type 2 diabetes, it may also come with some side effects. It’s important to monitor for any adverse effects and discuss them with a healthcare provider.

Common Side Effects:

• Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): Jardiance increases glucose in the urine, which can promote the growth of bacteria, leading to UTIs.
• Genital Infections: Higher levels of sugar in the urine can also cause fungal infections in the genital area, particularly in women.
• Increased Urination: Due to its mechanism of action, Jardiance increases the amount of glucose excreted in the urine, leading to more frequent urination.
• Thirst: Increased urination may cause dehydration, resulting in an increased feeling of thirst.
• Low Blood Pressure: Jardiance can cause a drop in blood pressure, particularly in individuals who are on medications to lower blood pressure.
• Nausea: Some patients may experience mild gastrointestinal discomfort, including nausea.

Serious Side Effects:

• Ketoacidosis: Although rare, Jardiance can increase the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a life-threatening condition caused by the build-up of acids in the blood. Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, and difficulty breathing.
• Kidney Problems: Jardiance can lead to a decline in kidney function, especially in individuals with pre-existing kidney disease.
• Dehydration: Excessive urination can cause dehydration, which may lead to dizziness, weakness, and fainting.
• Hypoglycemia: Although Jardiance is not typically associated with low blood sugar, combining it with other diabetes medications (such as insulin or sulfonylureas) can lead to hypoglycemia.

Indications

Jardiance is primarily indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, as well as for cardiovascular risk reduction in specific patient populations.

1. Type 2 Diabetes:
   • Jardiance is prescribed as part of a treatment regimen for controlling blood sugar in adults with type 2 diabetes, especially in individuals whose blood sugar levels are not well-managed by diet and exercise alone.
2. Cardiovascular Disease:
   • Jardiance is also indicated to reduce the risk of cardiovascular death in patients with type 2 diabetes who have established cardiovascular disease, making it a key part of managing both diabetes and heart conditions.
3. Chronic Kidney Disease:
   • Jardiance may be used in individuals with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD), as it can slow the progression of kidney damage.

Contraindications

Jardiance may not be suitable for everyone, and its use is contraindicated in specific populations.

1. Type 1 Diabetes:
   • Jardiance is not indicated for the treatment of type 1 diabetes, as it may increase the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
2. Severe Renal Impairment:
   • Patients with severe kidney disease or who are on dialysis should avoid taking Jardiance, as the medication is excreted through the kidneys and may exacerbate kidney issues.
3. Hypersensitivity:
   • Individuals with a known hypersensitivity or allergic reaction to empagliflozin or any other ingredient in Jardiance should not use the medication.
4. Pregnancy and Breastfeeding:
   • Jardiance is contraindicated in pregnant women due to the potential risk of harm to the fetus. It is also not recommended for breastfeeding mothers as it may pass into breast milk.
5. Ketoacidosis Risk:
   • Individuals who are prone to developing diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or who have a history of DKA should avoid taking Jardiance, as it may increase the likelihood of this condition occurring.

Price in Different Countries

Below is a table highlighting the approximate prices of Jardiance (empagliflozin) 25 mg tablets in different countries.

Country	Price (Per Pack of 30 Tablets)	Reference
United States	$450 – $500	GoodRx
United Kingdom	£40 – £50	NHS
Australia	AUD $85 – $100	PBS Australia
India	INR ₹2,800 – ₹3,500	1MG
Germany	€65 – €75	Medikamente Per Klick

Top 5 Global Brands

Several pharmaceutical companies are recognized for their contributions to developing and marketing medications like Jardiance (empagliflozin). Here are the top five global brands:

1. Boehringer Ingelheim:
   • Boehringer Ingelheim is the original manufacturer of Jardiance. This family-owned global pharmaceutical company focuses on respiratory, cardiovascular, and diabetes care.
2. Eli Lilly:
   • Eli Lilly, in collaboration with Boehringer Ingelheim, has played a key role in distributing and marketing Jardiance worldwide, contributing to its widespread availability.
3. AstraZeneca:
   • AstraZeneca has been at the forefront of producing SGLT2 inhibitors and other diabetic medications, offering innovative therapies for type 2 diabetes management.
4. Pfizer:
   • Pfizer has a broad portfolio of diabetes-related treatments, with a particular focus on innovative drugs targeting metabolic disorders.
5. Merck & Co.:
   • Merck is a global leader in diabetes management, offering various treatments to improve the lives of patients with type 2 diabetes and related conditions.