KADCYLA 100 MG IV 1 FLC

Kadcyl (generic name: ado-trastuzumab emtansine) is an intravenous medication used primarily in the treatment of certain types of breast cancer. It combines the HER2-targeted therapy trastuzumab with a cytotoxic agent (DM1) to deliver targeted chemotherapy directly to cancer cells. This targeted approach enhances treatment effectiveness while minimizing damage to normal cells.

How Kadcyla Works

Mechanism of Action

1. Targeted Delivery:
   • Kadcyla is a conjugate of trastuzumab, an anti-HER2 antibody, and DM1, a potent cytotoxic agent. Trastuzumab binds specifically to the HER2 receptors on cancer cells, facilitating targeted delivery of DM1.
2. Inhibition of HER2:
   • Trastuzumab binds to HER2 receptors on the surface of cancer cells, blocking the growth signals that contribute to cancer cell proliferation.
3. Cytotoxic Action:
   • Once internalized, DM1 disrupts microtubule formation within the cancer cell, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis (programmed cell death). This process effectively destroys HER2-positive cancer cells while sparing normal cells.
4. Antibody-Drug Conjugate:
   • The combination of trastuzumab and DM1 in Kadcyla allows for a targeted cytotoxic effect, which enhances the drug’s efficacy and reduces systemic side effects compared to conventional chemotherapy.

Side Effects

Common Side Effects

• Nausea:
  • Patients may experience nausea, which can be managed with anti-nausea medications.
• Fatigue:
  • Fatigue is a common side effect, and patients should rest as needed.
• Pain at Injection Site:
  • Mild to moderate pain or irritation at the site of infusion may occur.
• Loss of Appetite:
  • Reduced appetite is common, and dietary adjustments may be necessary.

Serious Side Effects

• Cardiotoxicity:
  • Kadcyla can affect heart function, leading to heart failure or reduced cardiac function. Regular monitoring of heart function is essential.
• Hepatotoxicity:
  • Liver enzyme elevations or liver dysfunction may occur, requiring regular liver function tests.
• Thrombocytopenia:
  • A decrease in platelet count can lead to bleeding or bruising.
• Infusion-Related Reactions:
  • Severe reactions during the infusion, such as fever, chills, and difficulty breathing, may occur and require immediate medical attention.
• Pulmonary Toxicity:
  • Patients may experience symptoms of lung inflammation, such as cough or difficulty breathing.

Indications

Kadcyl is indicated for:

• HER2-Positive Breast Cancer:
  • Treatment of HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer in patients who have previously been treated with trastuzumab and a taxane-based regimen.

Contraindications

Kadcyl is contraindicated in the following conditions:

• Hypersensitivity:
  • Known hypersensitivity to ado-trastuzumab emtansine or any of its components.
• Severe Cardiac Disease:
  • Patients with severe cardiac conditions, including severe heart failure or significant left ventricular dysfunction.
• Severe Liver Impairment:
  • Use is contraindicated in patients with severe hepatic impairment due to the risk of exacerbating liver problems.
• Pregnancy:
  • Kadcyla is contraindicated during pregnancy due to potential harm to the fetus. Effective contraception is recommended during treatment.
• Breastfeeding:
  • Kadcyla is not recommended during breastfeeding, as it may affect the infant.

Price in Different Countries

The price of Kadcyla 100 mg IV varies depending on the country and healthcare system. Below is a table with approximate price ranges and references.

Country	Price (Per 100 mg)	Reference
United States	$8,500 – $10,000	GoodRx
United Kingdom	£6,500 – £7,500	NHS UK
Canada	CAD $9,000 – $10,500	Health Canada
Australia	AUD $10,000 – $11,500	PBS Australia
India	₹7,00,000 – ₹8,50,000	Medlife

Top 5 Global Brands

1. Kadcyl – Roche:
   • The original manufacturer of ado-trastuzumab emtansine, known for its efficacy and targeted action against HER2-positive breast cancer.
2. Kadcyla – Mylan:
   • Provides a generic version of Kadcyla, offering a cost-effective alternative.
3. Kadcyla – Teva:
   • Known for producing a generic version of Kadcyla with adherence to quality standards.
4. Kadcyla – Sandoz:
   • Offers a high-quality generic version of ado-trastuzumab emtansine.
5. Kadcyla – Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories:
   • Provides a reliable generic version of Kadcyla, ensuring accessibility for patients globally.