KYTRIL 3 ML 1 AMP

Kytril (generic name: granisetron) is an oral medication used to prevent nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy. It is classified as a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, which helps manage and prevent nausea and vomiting by blocking the action of serotonin, a neurotransmitter involved in these processes.

How Kytril Works

Mechanism of Action

1. 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonism:
   • Kytril works by selectively blocking the 5-HT3 receptors in the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. Serotonin binds to these receptors to trigger nausea and vomiting; by blocking this binding, Kytril prevents the onset of these symptoms.
2. Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea:
   • During chemotherapy, serotonin is released from cells in the gut, which signals the brain to induce vomiting. Kytril inhibits this process, reducing the likelihood of nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy.
3. Reduction of Acute and Delayed Emesis:
   • The drug is effective in preventing both acute emesis (vomiting occurring within 24 hours of chemotherapy) and delayed emesis (vomiting occurring after 24 hours).
4. Improvement of Patient Comfort:
   • By managing nausea and vomiting, Kytril improves the overall comfort and quality of life for patients undergoing cancer treatments.

Side Effects

Common Side Effects

• Headache:
  • Patients may experience headaches, which are typically mild and manageable with over-the-counter pain relief.
• Constipation:
  • Constipation can occur as a side effect, and patients may need to adjust their diet or use laxatives.
• Dizziness:
  • Some individuals may feel dizzy or lightheaded while taking Kytril.
• Fatigue:
  • Mild fatigue or drowsiness may be experienced by some patients.

Serious Side Effects

• Serotonin Syndrome:
  • Though rare, serotonin syndrome is a serious condition that can occur with excessive serotonin levels, leading to symptoms like confusion, hallucination, seizures, extreme changes in blood pressure, increased heart rate, fever, excessive sweating, shivering, and muscle spasm.
• Allergic Reactions:
  • Severe allergic reactions, including rash, itching, swelling, and difficulty breathing, may occur.
• Chest Pain:
  • Some patients may experience chest pain or palpitations, requiring immediate medical attention.
• Severe Constipation:
  • Persistent or severe constipation may require medical intervention.

Indications

Kytril is indicated for:

• Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV):
  • Prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy in adults and children.
• Radiotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (RINV):
  • Prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with radiation therapy.

Contraindications

Kytril is contraindicated in the following conditions:

• Hypersensitivity:
  • Known hypersensitivity to granisetron or any of its components.
• Severe Liver Impairment:
  • Use is contraindicated in patients with severe hepatic impairment due to the risk of drug accumulation.
• Concurrent Use with Certain Medications:
  • Kytril should not be used concurrently with certain medications that may interact and cause adverse effects, such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs).
• Severe Gastrointestinal Obstruction:
  • In patients with severe gastrointestinal obstruction, Kytril should be used with caution due to potential worsening of symptoms.

Price in Different Countries

The price of Kytril 1 mg varies by country and healthcare system. Below is a table with approximate price ranges and references.

Country	Price (Per 10 Tablets)	Reference
United States	$120 – $150	GoodRx
United Kingdom	£85 – £100	NHS UK
Canada	CAD $140 – $160	Health Canada
Australia	AUD $160 – $180	PBS Australia
India	₹9,000 – ₹10,500	Medlife

Top 5 Global Brands

1. Kytril – Roche:
   • The original manufacturer of granisetron, known for its high efficacy and reliability.
2. Kytril – Teva Pharmaceuticals:
   • Produces a high-quality generic version of Kytril, offering a cost-effective alternative.
3. Kytril – Mylan:
   • Known for providing a reliable generic form of granisetron.
4. Kytril – Sandoz:
   • Offers a well-regarded generic version of Kytril, ensuring patient access to the medication.
5. Kytril – Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories:
   • Provides a generic version of Kytril, adhering to stringent quality standards.