Vildagliptin (Galvus)
Vildagliptin (Galvus) is a medication that belongs to the class of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. It is used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus, a condition in which the body does not produce enough insulin or use it effectively. Vildagliptin works by increasing the levels of certain hormones that stimulate the pancreas to release more insulin and reduce the amount of glucose produced by the liver. This helps to lower blood sugar levels and prevent complications of diabetes.
Vildagliptin can be taken alone or in combination with other diabetes medicines, such as metformin, sulphonylureas, thiazolidinediones, or insulin. The recommended dose of vildagliptin is 50 mg or 100 mg per day, depending on the type of combination therapy and the kidney function of the patient. Vildagliptin should be taken with or shortly after a meal to avoid stomach upset. The tablets should be swallowed whole with a glass of water.
Vildagliptin is generally well tolerated, but some common side effects may include headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, and skin rash. Some rare but serious side effects may include pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas), liver problems, allergic reactions, and low blood sugar (especially when taken with sulphonylureas or insulin). Patients should monitor their blood sugar levels regularly and report any symptoms of these side effects to their doctor.
Vildagliptin is not suitable for everyone. It should not be used by patients who are allergic to vildagliptin or any of the other ingredients in the tablets. It should also not be used by patients who have type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis (a serious condition caused by high levels of ketones in the blood). Vildagliptin should be used with caution by patients who have a history of pancreatitis, liver disease, heart failure, or kidney problems. Vildagliptin may interact with some other medicines, such as warfarin (a blood thinner), rifampicin (an antibiotic), or digoxin (a heart medicine). Patients should inform their doctor about all the medicines they are taking before starting vildagliptin.
Vildagliptin is a novel and effective treatment for type 2 diabetes that can help patients achieve better blood sugar control and reduce the risk of diabetes-related complications. However, vildagliptin is not a substitute for a healthy diet and exercise regimen, which are essential for managing diabetes. Patients should follow their doctor’s advice on how to use vildagliptin safely and appropriately.